应对重污染天气 黑龙江省生态环境系统在行动******
6日，哈尔滨市、绥化市分别出现重度污染天气，并将重污染天气Ⅲ级（橙色）预警提升至Ⅱ级（橙色）预警。为了做好重污染天气应对相关工作，省生态环境厅召开厅党组2023年第1次会议，听取哈尔滨市、绥化市大气污染防治工作情况汇报，并进行研究部署。
会议要求，重污染天气应对工作要不折不扣贯彻落实省委决策部署，统筹调配资源力量，有力有序推动各项工作开展，提升大气污染防治能力和水平。突出应急减排清单企业管控、散煤污染管控、国控站点周边管控，严格落实重污染天气应对工作机制，全力以赴保障全省环境空气质量。
6日至7日，省生态环境厅成立督导检查组，以“四不两直”方式检查哈尔滨市多个区域企业重污染天气应急减排措施落实情况，对于未按照应急预案执行停产或限产措施的企业，督导检查组责令企业按照要求停工停产限产。
在哈尔滨市道外区，督导检查组发现，美佳粉末涂料厂未按照“涂装印染环节、热压环节停产”的应急减排措施执行，责令该厂停工停产。哈尔滨团结锅炉集团有限公司应急减排措施执行不到位。隆瑞塑料包装有限公司违法使用散煤、污染治理设施运行不良，督导检查组将其移交执法人员查处。
在哈尔滨市道里区，督导检查组发现，按照哈尔滨市重污染天气应急减排清单中的应急减排措施，哈尔滨市道里区哈尔滨鑫麒印务有限公司、哈尔滨报达印务股份有限公司应为长期停产，现场却正在生产。
在哈尔滨市平房区，督导检查组发现，佳联（哈尔滨）食品有限公司预警应急期间，应急减排措施执行不严，5日减产量未达企业应急预案中设定的10%的比例（实际减产为7%）。益海嘉里（哈尔滨）粮油食品工业有限公司企业应急预案未更新、企业锅炉应急减排措施未执行、厂区环境管理不到位。
在哈尔滨市香坊区，督导检查组发现，红星路卡迪旺食品厂及哈尔滨柯迈斯工具有限公司合围区域院内与哈尔滨烨泽包装印刷有限公司烟囱冒黑烟，均存在违法使用散煤的现象。
督导检查组在企业检查时要求，各相关部门和单位要切实履行生态环境保护主体责任，实地开展重污染天气应对专项督导检查，及时更新应急减排清单，以执法高压态势促进空气质量全面好转。企业要提高生态环境保护意识，兼顾经济效益与生态环境保护，接到重污染天气预警通知后，按要求迅速落实应急减排措施，待重污染天气预警结束后尽快恢复生产。
执法检查既要有力度，也要有温度。在检查生产企业时，督导检查组在检查过程中，就如何抓好固废管理、扬尘管控、落实重污染天气减排措施等问题和企业进行座谈交流，手把手教方法、传经验。
督导检查组负责人表示，将持续为企业纾困解难，帮助企业解决生产过程中遇到的环保问题，落实重污染天气应急减排措施，促进企业增强守法意识，提升环境管理水平。
此外，我省多地按照省生态环境厅部署，成立监督检查组开展重污染天气应急执法检查，对出现问题的企业督促整改。通过省市联动，确保各地做好重污染天气应对工作。
绥化市生态环境局成立24个强化监督检查组，对辖区减排清单内的企业污染防治设施运行、加药记录、在线自动监控系统运行、煤场渣场等物料堆场苫盖、应急减排措施落实情况进行检查，共检查企业189家次，棚户区32个，街边商户38家，清理露天烧烤12处，查处烟花爆竹燃放14起，发现1家企业灰渣未封盖，已对其进行督促整改，企业已立行立改。
牡丹江市生态环境保护综合行政执法局组织全市10个县（市）、区执法大队出动28名执法人员，对全市27家涉气企业开展执法检查，重点检查企业大气污染防治设施及在线监控设施是否正常运行、三堆是否覆盖、排污许可证制度执行情况、重污染天气应急预案制定落实情况，均未发现异常。
根据省生态环境监测中心预测，我省部分地区污染天气仍将持续。8日，哈尔滨、绥化、牡丹江、鸡西地区空气质量以轻度—中度污染为主，局地短时可能出现重度污染。9日至10日，哈尔滨、绥化地区空气质量以良—轻度污染为主。11日，哈尔滨、大庆、绥化地区空气质量以良—轻度污染为主。
省生态环境厅负责人表示，全省生态环境系统将严格落实省领导关于大气污染防治的有关批示要求，持续加大执法检查力度，紧盯列入污染减排清单企业减排措施落实工作，严防死守，坚决督促企业管控措施落实到位；紧盯散煤污染，重点关注城中村、城乡接合部、棚户区散煤使用情况，抓紧推进《黑龙江省散煤污染治理实施方案（试行）》，推动实施散煤源头减量、散煤清洁替代、供应能力提升、基础设施保障“四项工程”，推动污染源头治理。（吴玉玺）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
